Stavropol region. An old-geographical region regarding the Russian Federation found in the central region from Subcaucasia, within Kuban River (and you will Kuban part) into the west, the new Terek part towards southeast, the fresh Don area for the north, the latest Kalmyk Independent Republic towards the northeast, together with countries of your Caucasian slope individuals towards the south and southwest. The Stavropol area essentially matches inside territory towards former Stavropol gubernia (within its 18611920 border, 59,500 sq . kilometres) while the afterwards Stavropol krai, smaller the fresh Karachai-Cherkess Autonomous oblast (66,500 sq kilometer).
Bodily topography. The top portion of the Stavropol region is actually filled by the Stavropol Upland; the fresh minor bit keeps areas of the fresh new Caspian Lowland from the eastern, new Kuma-Manych Despair on the north, while the foothills of your own Caucasus Hills about southwestern. The fresh new weather of your own Stavropol region are transitional, out of temperate continental regarding the western so you can drier and much more continental on the eastern. The higher of these through the Yegorlyk (hence moves to your Manych), the brand new Kalaus, the fresh new Kuma, and Kuban and its higher tributaries, the fresh new Velykyi Zelenchuk and the Malyi Zelenchuk (select Zelenchuk canals). River water is utilized to own irrigation. Small, generally saline ponds abound; the biggest ‘s the narrow but 160-km-much time Lake Manych-Gudilo (Ukrainian: Manych-Hudylo).
Nevertheless the situated Stavropol part remained sparsely inhabited of the nomadic Nogay Tatars (good Turkic-speaking some one) and you can Kalmyk anybody (an effective Mongol-speaking class), whom to one another numbered about 80,000
Brand new earth regarding west and you may main area of the Stavropol region is actually certain chernozems and you can chestnut earth; towards the eastern and you can northeast it feel light chestnut. The brand new natural plant life and alter eastward with decreasing humidity, out of meadow fescuefeather grass steppe to help you dead fescuefeather grass steppe immediately after which semidesert plant life out of wormwood, deceased fescue, and you may feather lawn. From the more moist an element of the Stavropol Upland and also in the latest Caucasus hills the brand new absolute vegetation was forest-steppe that have pine-hornbeam-beech forest. Now both steppe and forest-steppe are almost completely cleaned to possess agriculture.
Background. Throughout the mid-16th century the latest Caucasus plus the Stavropol area started initially to started with the experience of Muscovite colonization. Regarding 16th and you will 17th many years Subcaucasia experienced this new roots of Cossack colonization (the new Wear Cossacks on the western as well as the Terek Cossacks for the the latest east). Caucasian mountain individuals, the new Karachai while the Cherkess, stayed in the latest hills of your part.
At the beginning of the fresh 18th century the Stavropol part nominally turned the main Russian Empire. Long lasting settlements, but not, just weren’t oriented till the past one-fourth of one’s century, whenever, for the 177780, this new Russian regulators built a type of forts, the new Mozdok-Azov range, having headquarters within Stavropol, so you’re able to hold the Caucasian hill individuals. Because of the 1785 the newest Stavropol area molded section of Caucasus oblast, that has been redesignated an excellent gubernia inside 1802. Adopting the several identity alter it had been designated because the Stavropol gubernia when you look at the 1847. The borders were in the long run repaired during the 1861, whether or not it is actually split away from Terek oblast. Compared to Kuban oblast and you may Terek oblast, Stavropol gubernia (because 1898) wasn’t part of Caucasus krai.
Before 1930s brand new Stavropol part try compensated of the both Ukrainians and you may Russians, and you may constituted part of contiguous, albeit mixed, Ukrainian ethnographic region
The new Russian bodies advertised this new quick colonization of Stavropol region so you’re able to introduce a base for armed forces methods regarding the Caucasus. Element of one to aim are attained by brand new granting of preference tracts away from house so you can Russian noblemen, who compensated these with its serfs. A more tall reason for colonization, but not, are this new natural settlement of the county peasants who had been unimpeded because of the the latest main government. Indeed the imperial authorities legalized extant states on the ukase from 1804 and offered support to people that has compensated in the latest Stavropol region. By the end of one’s 1850s the people out-of Stavropol gubernia had risen up to 340,000 (5.5 people for every sq km). Its simply urban area, Stavropol, expanded from about 3,000 owners when you look at the 1800 so you’re able to 17,600 citizens during the 1853. Many densely settled parts was in fact new steppes amongst the Yegorlyk as well as the Kalaus rivers together with Kalaus Lake valley. The people of Stavropol gubernia (also Terek oblast) in 1853 consisted of forty eight.eight % Cossacks, 32 % condition peasants, 16.dos per cent nomadic herders, and you may step three.one percent serfs and others.